Which term describes obligations with fixed maturity dates of up to one year from their issue date?

Short-term obligations refer to financial liabilities that are due to be settled within one year from their issue date. This definition highlights their temporary nature, as they are expected to be paid off in a short time frame, typically within the next year. Such obligations include items like accounts payable, short-term loans, and other liabilities that require repayment within this limited horizon.

Understanding the distinction between short-term and long-term obligations is crucial for analyzing an entity's financial health. Long-term obligations, on the other hand, are those with maturity dates extending beyond one year, which affects cash flow management and financial planning. Permanent obligations and default obligations do not follow the same time-based criteria relevant to the classification of obligations, making them less fitting in this context. Thus, identifying obligations with fixed maturity dates up to one year as short-term obligations accurately reflects their characteristics within financial terminology.